#Mitochondria#Structure#Label#

What Are Mitochondria?Mitochondria are the powerhouse of cells as they generate energy for cell functioning. The structure of mitochondria is unique. The mitochondrion is a rod or sausage-shaped structure found in animal and plant cells. It is a small organelle whose size is between 0.5 to 1 micrometre in diameter. Hence, it cannot be seen under a microscope unless stained. Unlike other organelles, it has two layers; inner and outer. Each layer performs different functions. Outer Membrane – It is made of proteins. The membrane allows small protein-like molecules to pass through it. Intermembrane Space – It is the space between outer and inner membranes. Inner Membrane – This membrane is made of phospholipids and does not allow molecules to pass through it. Special transporters (carrier molecules) are required to transport substances. Here, ATP production takes place. Cristae – These are the irregular folds of the inner membrane. They increase the space for chemical reactions to take place by increasing the surface area of the membrane. Matrix – It is fluid within the inner membrane. This fluid has several enzymes required for ATP production. It also contains ribosomes, mitochondrial DNA, inorganic and organic molecules, etc.
Function
Energy Generation
Cell death
Heat Production
Storing Calcium

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