Formation of ATP
ATP In Mitochondria
Mitochondrial Respiration
NEET
Vidya Wankhade
STEM Academy
Is video me Respiration and formation of ATP describe kiya hai. aur isse related detail notes diye hai.
All living organism requires energy to carry out various life process.
Maintenance of life requires continue supply of energy.
The energy is stored in the body in the form of complex organic compounds (potential energy) but it is not usable to the organism unless it is converted into usable form.
The conversion of energy into usable form through the process of respiration.
Respiration fulfil the continuous need of energy.
Defination :- It is a biochemical process of oxidation of organic compounds in an orderly manner for the liberation of chemical energy in the form of ATP.
C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + 38ATP
During respiration gaseous exchange takes place between the organism and the environment.
Respiration is basically of two types. i.e. anaerobic respiration and aerobic respiration.
The site of gaseous exchange is called the respiratory surface.
What is ATP?
Ans:- ATP is Adenosine triphosphate.
Formation of ATP
• Formation of ATP is called as phosphorylation.
• In nature, phosphorylation occurs in three different ways as
1. Photophosphorylation
2. Substrate level phosphorylation
3. Oxidative phosphorylation.
• Photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.
• Substrate-level phosphorylation is a direct phosphorylation of ADP which occur by transfer of phosphate group from any suitable substrate.
• Oxidative phosphorylation is a phosphorylation of ADP and energy is released during oxidation of substrates like NADH2and FADH2.
• This occur on the inner mitochondrial membrane only.
• Energy is released when ATP is hydrolysed and it is used for the metabolic activity.
• Respiration is a catabolic process where complex organic substrate is oxidised to simple substance and energy is released.
• Respiration occur is two different places. i.e in body and in cell. Hence it is called somatic respiration and cellular respiration.
• Cellular respiration occurs in two different ways as anaerobic respiration and aerobic respiration.
The mitochondrial ATP synthase is a membrane protein complex that generates most of the ATP in eukaryotic cells. The synthesis of ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate proceeds via rotary catalysis, which uses the energy of the electrochemical gradient across the mitochondrial inner membrane.
ATP production can occur in the presence of oxygen from cellular respiration, beta-oxidation, ketosis, lipid, and protein catabolism, as well as under anaerobic conditions. Ketosis is a reaction that yields ATP through the catabolism of ketone bodies
Questions related to ATP for NEET exam
1. The metabolic currency of the cell is called as
a. ATP b. GTP c. CTP d. UTP
2. ATP is made up of ——
a. Adenine b. ribose c. phosphate group d. all of these
3. When ADP and phosphate group combines it to forms —-
a. ATP b. GTP c. CTP d. UTP
4. The mechanism involved in ATP formation are
a. Substrate level phosphorylation b. oxidative phosphorylation c. both of these d. none of these
5. Which of the following are functions of ATP?
a. Respiration b. growth c. photosynthesis d. all of these
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