Golgi Bodies | Lysosomes | Mitochondria | Fundamental Unit of Life Class 9 Science | Class 9 Science Chapter 5 | Golgi Apparatus | Cell Organelles | nucleus | mitochondria function | lysosome function | class 9 biology | class 9 science | ncert science class 9 | CBSE | NCERT
Dear Students, in this video we are going to study a very important topic Golgi Bodies, Lysosomes and Mitochondria from chapter The Fundamental Unit of Life from CBSE Class 9 Science. Hope you find it helpful & interesting. Enjoy Learning!
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The Fundamental Unit of Life
The body of all organisms is made up of very small units called cells.
A cell is capable of independent existence and can carry out all the functions which are necessary for a living being. Unicellular organisms are capable of independent existence which shows a cell’s capability to existing independently like an amoeba. Due to this, a cell is called the fundamental, structural, and functional unit of living organisms and the basic unit of life.
Cell Organelles
Endocytosis
Endocytosis is the invagination of the cell membrane, followed by pinching off forming a membrane-bound vesicle. This is commonly seen in Amoeba.
Organelles
Organelles are structures present in the cytoplasm of the cell that helps in several functions of the cell.
Endoplasmic Reticulum
The endoplasmic reticulum is a membrane-like cell organelle that plays an integral role in the interpretation of the genetic information present in the nucleus.
Chromosomes
During the growth phase of the cell, the chromatin condenses into a much thicker structure called a chromosome.
Chromatin
Chromatin is a thread-like structure that serves as the genetic material present inside the nucleus of the cell. It is made up of DNA and protein molecules. The DNA contains the hereditary information needed for the structure and function of the organism.
Cytoplasm
The cytoplasm is the fluid found inside the cell. It gives the structure to the cell and houses different organelles of the cell.
Golgi Apparatus
Golgi Apparatus is also called the post office of the cell. They package and transport the proteins across the cytoplasm.
Lysosomes
They are referred to as suicide bags of the cell as they contain potent enzymes that can digest a cell. Lysosome also help in defense by attacking a foreign object.
Mitochondria
Mitochondria are also called the power plants of the cell. They generate ATP via the electron transport chain. They also have a DNA called mtDNA, which makes them semi-autonomous organelle.
Plastids
There are various types of plastids in different cells based on the pigment they contain. The chloroplast is the plastid where photosynthesis occurs. Some of the other plastids are leucoplast and chromoplast.
Vacuoles
Vacuoles are large vesicles that hold water or air in them and give structural rigidity to the cell. Vacuoles are common in plant cells. In animals, the vacuoles are either very small or absent.
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