Three-Parent IVF using mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT) is an innovation , giving hope to those families with inheritable mitochondrial disorders that they may be able to have healthy offsprings . This technology has enabled us to get rid of certain fatal diseases to be inherited from one generation to another.
In brief the technique uses electrofusion to transfer the nuclear genome from the mother’s egg (leaving behind most of the mother’s mitochondria) to the cytoplasm of a donor egg containing only healthy mitochondria. This egg is then fertilized by the father’s sperm and transferred to the mother’s womb. Mitochondria contain DNA (37 genes), but this DNA is completely separate from the genetic material in the cell nucleus that is inherited from both parents.
Mitochondrial diseases are a group of disorders caused by dysfunctional [mitochondria](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitochondria), the power house of the cell. [Nuclear DNA](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_DNA) has two copies per cell (except for sperm and egg cells), one copy being inherited from the father and the other from the mother. Mitochondrial DNA, however, is strictly inherited from the mother.
Some examples of mitochondrial diseases include:
– [Mitochondrial myopathy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitochondrial_myopathy)
– [Diabetes mellitus and deafness](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus_and_deafness) (DAD)
– this combination at an early age can be due to mitochondrial disease
– [Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leber%27s_hereditary_optic_neuropathy) (LHON)
– visual loss beginning in young adulthood
– eye disorder characterized by progressive loss of central vision due to degeneration of the optic nerves and retina
– [Leigh syndrome](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leigh_syndrome), subacute sclerosing encephalopathy
– after normal development the disease usually begins late in the first year of life, although onset may occur in adulthood
– a rapid decline in function occurs and is marked by seizures, altered states of consciousness, dementia, ventilatory failure
– [Neuropathy, ataxia, retinitis pigmentosa, and ptosis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuropathy,_ataxia,_and_retinitis_pigmentosa) (NARP)
– progressive symptoms as described in the acronym
– [dementia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dementia)
– [Myoneurogenic gastrointestinal encephalopathy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myoneurogenic_gastrointestinal_encephalopathy) (MNGIE)
– gastrointestinal pseudo-obstruction and [neuropathy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuropathy)
– [Myoclonic Epilepsy with Ragged Red Fibers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myoclonic_Epilepsy_with_Ragged_Red_Fibers) (MERRF)
– progressive myoclonic epilepsy
– “Ragged Red Fibers” are clumps of diseased mitochondria that accumulate in the sub[sarcolemmal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarcolemma) region of the muscle fiber and appear when muscle is stained with modified [Gömöri trichrome stain](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%B6m%C3%B6ri_trichrome_stain)
– short stature and hearing loss
– lactic acidosis
– [Mitochondrial myopathy, encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, stroke-like symptoms](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MELAS) (MELAS)
At least 1 in 5000 people in the general population has one mutation in mtDNA, which can cause the above mentioned mitochondrial dysfunction.The severity of clinical symptoms is often associated with the level of mtDNA mutation load or degree of heteroplasmy.
Dr. Surakshith Battina is an endoscopic surgeon , a fertility specialist and a cosmetic gynecologist practicing at Indigo Womens Center. With his vast experience of over 10,000 advanced laparoscopic surgeries, he trains several aspiring gynecologists from across the globe in understanding the ergonomics of efficient laparoscopic surgery.
His expertise lies in his quick decision making and management of any complications laparoscopically. Dr Surakshith is a member of WALS, FOGARTY & AAGL. With his passion for laparoscopic surgery he aims to introduce newer technologies in the coming years.
Indigo Womens Center is a specialized NABH accredited , ISO certified and ART licensed hospital dedicated for women’s health. The hospital is located at Anna Nagar and provides an unparalleled healthcare experience to all its patients.The hospital has won several awards and notably been given the title of “Best Hospital for Patient Satisfaction” for three years straight.
Indigo Womens Center
no.995 B, H Block
2nd avenue ,Anna Nagar
Chennai- 40
https://goo.gl/maps/2U4nhWbZ88x
Contact details :
[email protected]
044-4946555 ; 044-42606555
+917080808087
+91-7299109555
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