mitochondria with detailed explanations and answers:
1.What is the primary function of mitochondria in a cell?
A) Protein synthesis B) Energy production C) DNA replication D) Waste disposal
Answer: B) Energy production
Explanation: Mitochondria are often referred to as the “powerhouses of the cell” because their primary function is to produce energy in the form of ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) through cellular respiration. While other functions occur within mitochondria, energy production is their central role.
2.Which of the following is NOT a component of the mitochondria?
A) Outer membrane B) Inner membrane C) Stroma D) Matrix Answer: C) Stroma
Explanation: Mitochondria do not contain a stroma. Instead, stroma is a term typically associated with the chloroplasts in plant cells. Mitochondria consists of an outer membrane, an inner membrane, and a matrix, among other structures.
3.Mitochondria are often referred to as the “powerhouses of the cell” because they produce:
A) Carbohydrates B) Proteins C) ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) D) Lipids
Answer: C) ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)
Explanation: Mitochondria are called “powerhouses of the cell” because they are responsible for producing ATP, which is the primary energy currency of the cell. ATP is generated through the process of cellular respiration that occurs within the mitochondria.
4.What is the source of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in humans?
A) Inherited from both parents B) Inherited only from the mother C) Inherited only from the father D) A combination of nuclear DNA and maternal mtDNA
Answer: B) Inherited only from the mother
Explanation: Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is inherited exclusively from the mother. This is because the mitochondria in the sperm cell’s tail are typically discarded during fertilization, while the mitochondria in the egg contribute to the offspring’s mitochondria. Thus, mtDNA is maternally inherited.
5.In which part of the mitochondria does the citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle) occur?
A) Outer membrane B) Inner membrane C) Matrix D) Intermembrane space
Answer: C) Matrix
Explanation: The citric acid cycle, also known as the Krebs cycle, takes place in the matrix of the mitochondria. This is where a series of chemical reactions occur, leading to the production of ATP and the generation of high-energy electrons that are used in the electron transport chain, which is located in the inner mitochondrial membrane.
please subscribe and share it 🙏🙏🙏
source
